In my view, as well as that of others, fascism began with the Kingdom of Italy's invasion of the Ottoman Empire in Libya. The insignia of the Kingdom of Italy looked like this:
Fasces are depicted. Rods bound together around an axe. The meaning of the word fasces had already broadened in ancient Rome. People who used these rods to beat others who held different political views. It was the time of the Roman civil wars. The civil wars were ended by Julius Caesar (pronounced Julius Kaiser, or in Vulgar Latin Kaya). The fasces remained a symbol of the Roman Empire.
